The central dogma is the flow of information (DNA—RNA–Protein). The process of central dogma explains how the DNA is converted into a functional product. It was first proposed by Francis Crick (1957) and published (1958). Central Dogma also confirms that our DNA contains all the information that is required to make proteins. A gene is […]
PLASMIDS
The plasmid is the extrachromosomal DNA that can independently replicate. Most commonly plasmids are found in bacteria as double-stranded circular DNA. Sometime plasmid can be found in multicellular organisms. Plasmid classification: Conjugative and Non-conjugative Plasmid Conjugative plasmids are characterized by the ability to promote sexual conjugation between bacterial cells. Non-conjugative plasmid can’t make sexual conjugation. […]
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPTION UNIT- It is the collective term used for all the base pairs present on DNA. It helps in the process of transcription. THESE ARE OF THE FOLLOWING THREE TYPES- PROMOTER- These are the base sequences that initiate the process of transcription and are present at 5’ end of the coding strand. STRUCTURAL GENE- These […]
Amino Acid
The amino acid is an organic compound (Biomolecule). An amino acid contains a carboxyl group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH2). Amino Acids are the building blocks of protein. There are 22 standard amino acids. Amino Acids are different from each other because of the attached R- group to the alpha carbon. Amino Acids form […]
Data Types in Python
As we know Python is an object-oriented programming language so everything is considered as an object in Python, data types are actually classes and variables are instance (object) of these classes. Depending upon the properties, there are manly 7 basic data types: 1. Numbers: This datatype mainly has a numerical value. Integer Float Complex Output: […]
Introduction to biomolecules
Biomolecules are the biochemical molecule present in organisms that are essential in different biological processes. E.g., carbohydrate, fatty acids | cell division, replication Biomolecules include macromolecules such as lipids and carbohydrates, protein. Biomolecules are generally endogenous and exogenous. Endogenous: produced inside the organism. Exogenous: need to be taken such as vitamins. Most of the biomolecules […]
Python – program to calculate Compound Interest
In this post, we will write a program for how to calculate compound interest in python. First, let’s see What is compound Interest? Compound Interest is also called compounding interest which is calculated on the principal (initial principal) that is the addition of interest to the principal sum of a loan or deposit. The formula […]
Python – program to calculate simple interest
In this post, we will write a program for how to calculate simple interest in Python. First, let’s see What is Simple Interest? Simple interest is an interest calculated on the principal amount of a loan or the original contribution to a savings account. Simple Interest: I = (P * R * T) / 100 […]
Operators in Python
Operators are used to performing operations on values. Operators in Python are divided into the following categories : Arithmetic operators Assignment operators Logical operators Comparison operators Identity operators Membership operators Bitwise operators Arithmetic operators: These operators are used to perform mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) on numerical values. “+”: This operator is used to […]
Gram staining
Gram staining is a method used to differentiate two groups of bacteria. Based on the cell wall. Developed by Hans Christian Gram in the 19th This method is used to identify gram +ve gram –ve After performing staining the Gram-positive bacterium stain violet and Gram-negative bacterium stain pink. This technique of staining can’t define bacteria, […]